DOMESTIC TRADE AND SERVICES

ESTABLISHMENTS: A work place where single ownership or controlling status is established and generally where one type of economic activity occurs and which has the registers and accouting sources necessary to fill out the questionnaire.

LARGE SCALE ESTABLISHMENTS: In the trade and service sectors, those which have 25 000 001 TL or more gross sales, are defined as large scale establishments. Hotels and similar facilities 76 or more beds, in cafes and pastry houses, with 51 or more tables are defined as large scale establishments.

The classification of the establishments by type of activity is determined in accordance with the "Internetional Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activitities "(ISIC Rev.2) adopted to the Turkish Industrial structure.

MAJOR ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: In cases where the establishments were engaged in more than one type of activity, the major economic activity is the activity from which most of the valve of gross product is obtained. If this couldn't be determined the major type of activity is determined by the proportion of labour force employed.

SIZE OF THE ESTABLISHMENT: It is determined by the average number of persons engaged and valve of gross sales.

LEGAL STATUS OF ESTABLISHMENTS: Data on legal status is categorized as individual proprietorship, ordinary partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, joint-stock company, cooperatives and others.

WORKING STATUS : The year-round or seasonal working activity of the establishments.

PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE ESTABLISHMENT: The number of persons engaged in the establishment in four sample months in 1991 whether they were paid or not. Persons engaged in the establishments were further divided into owners and partners,unpaid family workers, and employees.

Working owners and partners: Defined as owners and partners who spent more than half of their working time in 1991 in individval proprietorship, ordinary propietorship, or general or limited liability partnership. If on owner or partner was paid a salary, he was included in the "employee" category.

Unpaid family workers: Covers the members of the family working without regular pay who spend most of their working time in the establishment, such as the husband, wife,children and others who live in the same household and whose food and clothing needs are provided by the family. If family members receive pay for work they are included in the "employee" category.

Employees: Regardless of their status in the establishment, covers persons who work in the establishment and receive pay in cash and / or in kind.

Annual average number of employees: It is the arithmetic average of the number of employees in February, May, August and November.

Annual average number of persons engaged: This figure is obtained by adding the number of owners and partners and unpaid family workers active in November in the establishment to the annual average number of employees.

Apprentices: The number of apprentices whether they are paid or not.

PAYMENTS: All payments made to persons engaged in the form of wages and salaries and per diems before deduction of income tax, social security, pension fund premiums, etc. It excludes social security and pension contributions and the like payable by the employer. It includes overtime payments, bonuses, indemnities, and payments in kind.

GOODS OR SERVICES PURCHASED, RENT PAID AND PAYMENTS MADE FOR OTHER SERVICES

THE VALUE OF THE GOODS PURCHASED FOR PROVIDING SERVICES: Covers purchases of various kinds of raw materials and goods used in providing services. (For example: Medicine, bandages etc. for doctor's consulting rooms; paper, pencils, pen etc. for accounting offices). However, fixed assets and furnishings are excluded.

It includes the payments made for goods such as bed sheets towels purchased by a hotel; bread, vegetables, meat and flour purchased by restaurants; sugar and salt purchased by pastry houses and cafes; instruments and tools that are not in the nature of fixed capital goods; office supplies that rae not in the nature of fixtures; work clotes; purchases of water and steam; business travel expenses; the value of the goods purchased to be resolt without any further processing, fuels purchased; commissions paid to third persons and the establishments; and other expenses.

FURTHER PROCESSING: Includes goods purchased to be resold without any further processing.

THE VALUE OF OTHER PURCHASES: (Water and fuels purchases, small repairs and main tenancy expenses, conmissions paid for purchases, and sales made by other): Instruments and office supplies that are not in the nature of fixed capital goods, office supplies that are not in the nature of fixtures, purchases of water and steam, the value of materials purchased to be used in production, overhaul and improvements of fixed assets produced by the establishment's own staff, work clothes and total value of business travel expenses are covered for trade and service establishments.

It also includes payments made for small repairs and maintenance, fuels purchased, and commissions paid to third persons and establishments relating to sales.

RENT: The value of rent paid for the establishment and machinery.

INTEREST PAYMENTS: Cover payments for credits loaned from banks and other institutions.

OTHER PAYMENTS: This item refers to the expenditures made for non - industrial services such as postal expences, insurance payments, advertisement expenses, fees paid for professional services and commissions.

PRODUCT OF SERVICE AND SALE: Receipts from services rendered to others: Covers gross receipts before subtracting income tax and other expenses.

1. The gross sales obtained from services made: covers the receipts obtained from services made by using the establishment's materials.

2. The value of sale goods purchased to be resold without any further procesing: Includes the trade receipts as a side activity.

INPUT: This figure is obtained by adding the value of the goods purchased to the establishments account for providing services and the value of goods purchased to be resold without any further processing and the value of other purchases such as water, fuels etc.

OUTPUT: The total of the value of the goods purchased to be resold without any further processing and total value of gross sales obtained from providing services.

VALUE ADDED: The value obtained by subtracting the value of input from output.

COMPANY: A number of persons forming an establishment for commercial purposes as a result of economic and social joining.

TYPES OF COMPANIES: Companies such as a general partnership a limited partnership, a joint - stock company and a limited liability company are defined in Article 136 of the Turkish Commercial Code.

GENERAL PARTNERSHIP: A trade partnership operating as a trade company under a trade name. The responsibilities of the partners are not limited with the credits of the partnership.

LIMITED PARTNERSHIP: A trade partnership operating as a trade company under a trade name. The responsibilities of some of the partners are limited to the partnership's responsibilities but others are limited by its capital.

JOINT-STOCK COMPANY: A company operating under a trade name whose capital is divided into shares and whose responsibilites are limited to total assests chargeable to debth or legacies.

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY: A trade company established by two or more real or legal persons under a trade name, restricted in liability by the amount of capital invested.

The establishment of general and limited partnership is not subject to the authorization of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce.

The establishment of incorporated jointstock companies limited liability companies and cooperatives are subject to the authorization of the Ministry of industry and Commerce. Jointstock companies can not have less than 500 000 TL and limited companies 10 000 TL of founding capital.

COOPERATIVES:A legal entity operating without fixed capital that may be established by public institutions, provincial special administrations, municipalities, associations or societies, whose aim is to provide certain economic benefits to its shareholders, especially in relation to their occupation and livelihood through aid and solidarity.

CONSUMER'S COOPERATIVES: Companies established in accordance with the Cooperatives Code to meet daily economic and occupational needs of the shareholders. It does not have fixed capital.

The number and capital of these consumer's cooperatives, according to economic activity, is included in the other tables with cooperatives.

NUMBER: Refers to the average number of operating consumers cooperatives obtained by dividing by 12 the total number of cooperatives that reported sales each month during the year.

SALES: Annual total of monthly reported sales all the cooperatives achieved on a retail, wholesale or credit basis and income received for services rendered during the year.

FIRMS: Business establishments excluding companies and cooperatives.

NEWLY ESTABLISHED COMPANIES AND COOPERATIVES: Companies and cooperatives begun during the year and the establishment of those announced in the Turkish Trade Register Gazette.

LIQUIDATED COMPANIES AND COOPERATIVES: Companies and cooperatives liquidated because of debt or any of the conditions indicated in the Turkish Commercial and Cooperatives Codes announced in The Turkish Trade Register Gazette.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: Indicates the purpose for which the companies, cooperatives and firms are established and the economic activity in which they are engaged.

NUMBER: Covers the number of head offices of the companies and cooperatives. Branch offices are not included.

CAPITAL: Company and cooperative assets in the form of cash, receivables, securities, machinery, office equipment and other properties, real estate, goodwill, holdings in other establishments, etc.

INCREASE OR DECREASE OF CAPITAL: Shows the total increase or decrease in registered capital of the company and coopetives.

GROSS INCREASE IN CAPITAL: The total capital of newly established companies and cooperatives and the capital increase of existing companies.

NET INCREASE IN CAPITAL: Obtained by deducting the capital of liquidated companies, cooperatives and the capital decreases of existing companies and cooperatives from gross increases in capital.