07.03.2000
 
 

THE PRESIDENCY OF STATE INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS, IN THE EXTENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS DECLARED THE PROVISIONAL RESULTS OF THE 1996 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY WASTE  INVENTORY


Manufacturing Industry Waste Inventory has been applied to 2209 establishments among the establishments having 25 or more employees. In the scope of this inventory, the following data were collected; environmental employment and expenditures, amount of water supplied by sources, amount of water consumption, amount of wastewater discharged by type of receiving bodies, type and capacity of the wastewater treatment plants, amount of sludge generated by the treatment plants, number of establishments having wastewater discharge license and license for gaseous emissions, amount and disposal methods of  industrial solid waste, source of the noise and the number of employees to be exposed to the noise by the noise levels and duration of exposure.
 


Main environmental indicators, obtained from the evaluation of the 1996 Manufacturing Industry Waste Inventory, have been given below.
Main Environmental Indicators
1996
Number of establishments questionned
2209
Number of establishments whose wastewater is treated 
645
Number of  establishments having at least one wastewater treatment plant
616
Number of establishments having only industrial wastewater treatment plant 
429
Number of establishments having only domestic wastewater treatment plant 
92
Number of establishments having both industrial and domestic wastewater treatment plants
95
Licensing status of establishments  
Have wastewater discharge license
396
Have license for gaseous emissions
228
Amount of water and wastewater (million m3/year)  
Water supplied
1820
Water consumed
1801
Water recycled
395
Wastewater discharged
1000
   Industrial  wastewater discharged
911
   Domestic wastewater discharged
89
Amount of solid waste generated (million tonnes/year)
18.01
Recycled
2.14
Sold
7.10
Disposed
                8.77
Number of establishments which measure the level of noise
359

Establishments treating their wastewater have been evaluated according to their wastewater treatment plant. It is determined that, 616 establishments have at least one wastewater treatment plant, 92 establishments have only domestic wastewater treatment plant, 429 establishments have only industrial wastewater treatment plant and 95 establishments have both domestic and industrial wastewater  treatment   plants   among   the 645 establishments treating their wastewater. According to the evaluations it is determined that; there were 39 establishments  using  wastewater  treatment  plant of another establishment.  27  establishments  of  them  used domestic  wastewater  treatment  plant of another establishment and  29  establishments used industrial wastewater treatment plant of another  establishment (see Table 1).

According to the evaluations; altough 545 establishments had industrial wastewater treatment plants, only 490 establishments replied the question on the type of the treatment plant units.  Among  those  490  establishments, 170 establishments treated 173 million m3 industrial wastewater mechanically, 270 establishments treated 67 million m3 industrial wastewater chemically, 194 establishments treated 124 million m3 industrial wastewater biologically and 18  establishments  treated  1.3  million m3  industrial wastewater  by  advanced  treatment processes in 1996 (see Table 2).

According to the evaluations; 155 establishments replied the question on the type of the treatment  plant  units among the 214 establishments using  the domestic wastewater treatment  plants.  It  is  determined  that  19 establishments treated 3.29 million m3 domestic wastewater mechanically and 145 establishments treated 7.17 million m3 domestic wastewater biologically in 1996 (see Table 3).

Of all the establishments evaluated in the extent of the survey,  it  is  determined  that  17.93 %  of  the establishments (396 establishments) have wastewater discharge license, 82.07% of  the  establishments    (1813 establishments)  do  not  have  wastewater  discharge  license.   Among   the   396   establishments,   50 establishments are public sector establishments and 346 establishments are private sector establishments (see Table 4).

According to the similar evaluation for the license for gaseous emissions; of all the establishments in the extent of the survey,  10.32% of  them  (228 establishments)  have  license  for  gaseous  emissions  and     89.68% of them (1981 establishments) do not have license for gaseous emissions (see Table 5).

It is determined that 1820 million m3 of water has been supplied in 1996 by 2200 establishments giving information about the amount of water supplied. Percentage of supplied water by sources has been  evaluated  as  42.42%  from seas, 32.26% from wells, 11.69% from rivers, 4.52% from dams, 3.59% from springs and  1.73% from lakes. 1313 million m3 of water have been supplied for 308 establishments in  the  public  sector.  Of  this  amount, 54.84% have been supplied from seas, 16.97% from wells, 14.33% from rivers, 6.03%  from dams,  4.66% from springs and 2.32% from lakes. State Institute of Statistics (SIS)  stated that, 1892 establishments in the private sector, supplied 506 million m3 water of which 71.94% from wells, 10.19% from seas, 4.85% from rivers,  4.03% from municipal drinking water network and  0.82% from springs (see Table 6).

2200 manufacturing industry establishments in Turkey consumed 1801 million m3 of water in 1996. Of this amount, 72.64% was consumed by 308 establishments in the public sector and 27.36% was consumed by 1892 establishments in the private sector. While 1636  million m3of  water  was utilized  for  production activities such as; process, cooling and boiling, 99 million m3 of  water (5.5% of total water consumption)  was utilized for domestic purposes and 66 million m3 of  water (3.65% of total  water consumption) was   used for other purposes (e.g. irrigation and fire water). Manufacturing industry establishments reused 395 million m3  of  water  consumed  (21.92%).  Of all the industrial sectors, basic metal industry (37 coded sector) consumed 55.02% of total, food, beverages and tobacco industry (31 coded sector) consumed   16.94% of total, textile industry (32 coded sector) consumed 11.49% of total and chemical industry sector (35 coded sector) consumed 8.88% of total water consumed (see Table 7).

According to the 1996 Manufacturing Industry Waste Inventory results,  a  total  of  1000  million  m3  of wastewater, generated from 2209 establishments, discharged to the receiving bodies. In addition, SIS stated that among 1000 million m3 of total wastewater, percentage of discharged wastewater by receiving bodies is as follows; 51.97% to seas, 25.39% to city sewerage, 18.78% to rivers, 1.43% to septic tank 2.44% to lakes, dams and other receiving bodies (see Table 8).

It is determined that, 1576 establishments discharged 910.8 million m3 (91.08% of total wastewater discharged) industrial wastewater and 2130 establishments discharged 89.2 million m3 (8.92% of total wastewater discharged) domestic wastewater  (see Table 8).

Among 2209 establishments, 1052 establishments discharged 699 million m3 industrial wastewater to receiving bodies (e.g. sewerage, sea, lake, stream, land, dam and septic tank)  without  treatment. Of   this   amount, 62.67% was discharged to seas and 23.80% was discharged to sewerage, 11.75% was discharged to  rivers without treatment. SIS  stated  that, 588  million  m3 of  industrial  wastewater  was  originated   from   214 establishments in the public sector, 73.95% of this amount was discharged to seas, 18.23% was discharged   to sewerage and 6.73% was discharged to rivers without treatment. 111 million  m3  industrial  wastewater was originated from 838 establishments in the private sector. 53.29%  of this  amount  was  discharged to  sewerage,  38.35% was discharged to rivers and  2.90% was discharged to seas, without treatment (see Table 9).

Among 2209 establishments only 456 establishments discharged 178 million m3 of wastewater to receiving bodies after treatment (see Table 9).

It is stated that, 93.31 million m3  industrial  wastewater  originated  from  53 establishments in the public sector. 63.26% ot that amount was discharged to  seas  and  25.35% was discharged to rivers after  treatment (see Table 9).

Among the 2209 establishments in the survey, 68 establishments discharged 33.34 million m3 of industrial wastewater after primary treatment. And 371  establishments  discharged  35.26  million  m3  domestic wastewater after treatment, while 1759 establishments discharged 53.95 million m3 domestic wastewater without treatment  (see Table 9).

1908 establishments created 18.01 million tonnes industrial solid waste in 1996. 49.92% of total industrial solid waste was generated from 265 establishments in the public sector and 50.08% of that was generated from 1643 establishments in the private sector. Of this solid waste 48.68% was disposed of, 39.41%  was sold or donated and 11.90% was recycled or reused (see Table 10).

SIS stated that; among 8.77 million tonnes of disposed industrial waste; 35.48% was disposed to seas, rivers and lakes, 18.14% was stored in the field of the establishments, 15.62%  was disposed  to municipal dumps, %8.84 was disposed as open dumping, 8.76% was used as filling material, %0.51  was  landfilled,  %0.002   was incinerated and 12.66% was disposed of  by other  methods  (see Table 11).
 

 Among 3.2 tonnes of treatment sludge produced by 476 establishments; 40.69%  was  disposed  to  land,  21.99% was disposed to municipal dumps,  7.02% was stored , 6.10% was used for agricultural purposes, 4.66% was disposed to seas, 19.56% was disposed of by other methods (see Table 12).

It is observed that among the 2209 establishments in the survey, only 16.25% (359) of establishments had measured noise levels. 17.09% (53) of total establishments in the public sector and 16.11% (306) of total establishments in the private sector had measured noise levels (see Table 14).

It is observed that, 19723 persons in 246 establishments were exposed to the noise level of 86 dBA or more (see Table 14).
 
 
    INTERNATIONAL STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF ALL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
              MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION (ISIC-Rev2)
3
 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
31
 Food, beverages and tobacco industry
32
 Textile, wearing apparel and leather industries
33
 Wood and wood products including furniture industry 
34
 Paper and paper products, printing and publishing
35
 Chemicals, and of chemicals, petroleum, coal, rubber and plastic products
36
 Non-metalic mineral products except products of petroleum and coal
37
 Basic metal industries
38
 Fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, professional, scientific, measuring and controlling equipment 
39
 Other industries 

  DETAILED DATA CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE TABLES GIVEN BELOW.

TABLE 1.
Industrial and domestic wastewater treatment plant status in manufacturing industry establishments by industry group, 1996

TABLE 2.
Number of establishments using industrial wastewater treatment plant,  amount of treated wastewater and capacity by units of the treatment plant, 1996

TABLE 3.
 Number of establishments using domestic wastewater treatment plant,  amount of treated wastewater and capacity by units of the treatment plant, 1996

TABLE 4.
Number of establishments by status of licensing for discharge of wastewater and  industry group,1996

TABLE 5.
Number of establishments by status of licensing for gaseous emissions by industry group,1996

TABLE 6.
Amount of water supplied by sources and industry group, 1996

TABLE 7.
Amount of water consumed by use and industry group, 1996

TABLE 8.
Amount of wastewater discharged to the receiving bodies by types of wastewater and industry group, 1996

TABLE 9.
Amount of wastewater discharged to the receiving bodies by the status of treatment and industry group, 1996

GRAPH 01.
Amount of wastewater discharged by industry group, Turkey

GRAPH 02.
Amount of wastewater discharged by receiving body, Turkey

TABLE 10.
Amount of industrial solid waste by destination and industry group, 1996

TABLE 11.
Amount of industrial solid waste by disposal method and industry group, 1996

           GRAPH 03.
         Amount of industrial solid waste by destination, disposal method  and industry group, 1996

          TABLE 12.
           Number of establishments by sludge disposal method and amount of sludge, 1996

          TABLE 13.
          Sources of noise by industry group, 1996

           TABLE 14.
           Number of employees, average working period and the number of establishments by
           industry group and level of  noise in the establishments, 1996