When the results of the first period (January 1 - June 30) of 2003 Employment and Earning Survey is examined, the followings were observed.
Hourly wage for actual hours of work
When hourly gross wage for actual hours of work was compared by establishment size, it was observed that, as establishment size increased, hourly gross wage for actual hours of work also increased in the first period of 2003. The highest hourly gross wage for actual hours of work was found in electricity, gas and water sector in all establishment sizes except establishments with 500 and more employees (Graphic 1).
Earnings of employees by economic activity
When the per capita average monthly gross earnings were compared by economic activity of establishments that covered by survey, the highest average monthly gross earning was observed in electricity, gas and water sector in the first period of 2003. The per capita average monthly gross earning in electricity, gas and water sector was estimated as 1 billion 568 million 917 thousand TL. Electricity, gas and water sector was followed by mining and quarrying sector. The per capita average monthly gross earning in mining and quarrying sector was estimated as 1 billion 396 million 692 thousand TL.
Gross wage, as a percentage of gross earning was 85.7 % in manufacturing sector, was 85 % in electricity, gas and water sector and was 81.4 % in mining and quarrying sector in the first period of 2003 (Table 1).
When average monthly gross earnings were examined by two digit economic activity codes, the highest average monthly gross earning in the mining and quarrying sector was found in the 'Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas, mining of metal ores' economic activity code with 1 billion 974 million 541 thousand TL in the first period of 2003. In the manufacturing sector, the highest average monthly gross earning was found in 'Manufacture of coke, refine petroleum products, chemicals products and rubber and plastic products' economic activity code with 1 billion 508 million 190 thousand TL. The highest average monthly gross earning in electricity, gas and water sector was found in 'Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply' economic activity with 1 billion 892 million 488 thousand TL (Table 4).
In the establishments following collective bargaining agreement, in mining and quarrying sector, the highest average monthly gross earning was found in 'Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas, mining of metal ores' economic activity with 2 billion 431 million 725 thousand TL in the first period of 2003. In the establishments following collective bargaining agreement, the highest average monthly gross earning in manufacturing sector was found in the 'Manufacture of coke, refine petroleum products, chemicals products and rubber and plastic products' economic activity with 2 billion 292 million 740 thousand TL. Finally, the highest average monthly gross earning in electricity, gas and water sector was found in 'Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply' economic activity in the first period of 2003, with 1 billion 895 million 748 thousand TL (Table 5).
In the establishments not following collective bargaining agreement, the highest average monthly gross earning in mining and quarrying sector was found in 'Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas and mining of metal ores' economic activity with 482 million 496 thousand TL. The highest average monthly gross earning in manufacturing sector was found in 'Manufacture of electrical machinery and radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus, medical precision and optical instruments' economic activity with 1 billion 65 million 50 thousand TL (Table 6).
Earnings of employees by public and private sector status of the establishment
When average monthly gross earnings were examined by public versus private sector status of the establishment, the highest earning in public sector was observed in mining and quarrying sector in the first period of 2003 with 1 billion 860 million 151 thousand TL (Table 1). In private sector, the highest average monthly gross earning was found in manufacturing sector with 872 million 756 thousand TL. Since it can be followed in Graphic 2, excluding electricity, gas and water sector, the average monthly gross earnings of public sector employees were higher than those of private sector employees.
Earnings of employees by establishment size
When average monthly gross wages and earnings were compared by establishment size, it was seen that, as establishment size increased, per capita average monthly gross wage and earning also increased in the first period of 2003. In this period, in small establishments which had 1-9 employees, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 504 million 112 thousand TL and average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 476 million 808 thousand TL. In the first period of 2003, in large establishments which had 500 and more employees, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 1 billion 323 million 620 thousand TL and average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 1 billion 83 million 631 thousand TL (Table 3).
Graphic 3. Average monthly gross earnings by economic activity and establishment size, 2003 (I)
When average monthly gross earnings were compared by establishment size and economic activities, it was observed that, average monthly gross earning was higher in electricity, gas and water sector then manufacturing and mining and quarrying sectors in all establishment size classes except the establishments with 500 and more employees. In establishments with 500 and more employees the highest average monthly gross earning was found in mining and quarrying sector (Graphic 3).
Earnings of employees by collective bargaining status of establishment
When average monthly gross wages and earnings were examined by the collective bargaining status of the establishment, average monthly gross wages and earnings of the both public and private sector employees who worked in the establishments where collective bargaining agreement was applied were found higher than those worked in the establishments which were not in the coverage of collective bargaining agreement(Table 2).
In establishments following collective bargaining agreement, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 1 billion 491 million 265 thousand TL and per capita average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 1 billion 217 million 83 thousand TL in the first period of 2003. In establishments not following the collective bargaining agreement, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 629 million 914 thousand TL and per capita average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 578 million 712 thousand TL in the first period of 2003. The wage difference between establishments covered by collective agreement and establishments not covered by collective agreement stays the same when it is examined by public versus private sector status of the establishments also. Therefore, it was seen that, collective bargaining agreement had a high level of influence on wages and earnings.
Earnings of employees by geographical region and selected provinces
When average monthly gross earnings were examined by seven geographical regions (excluding selected provinces), the highest per capita average monthly gross earning was found in Black Sea Region (1 billion 216 million 982 thousand TL) in the first period of 2003. Province Ankara has the highest (1 billion 82 million 883 thousand TL) per capita average monthly gross earning within selected provinces.
In the first period of 2003 in public sector, average monthly gross earnings were found higher in Province İzmir, Mediterranean (excluding Adana) and Aegean Region (Excluding İzmir) than other regions and provinces. In this period, in private sector, average monthly gross earnings were found higher in Black Sea Region, Marmara Region (excluding İstanbul) and Province Adana than other regions and provinces (Table 7).
Bonuses and premiums payments made to employees
When the share of the bonuses and premiums within the average monthly gross earning was examined, the highest figure was found in mining and quarrying sector in the first period of 2003. In this sector, share of the bonuses and premiums within the average monthly gross earning was 15.7 % in the first period of 2003.
When this ratio was examined by public versus private sector status of the establishment, the share of the bonuses and premiums within the average monthly gross earning was 14.2 % in public sector and 11 % in private sector (Table 1).
Irregular social allowances paid to employees
Share of the irregular social allowances within the average monthly gross earnings in the first period of 2003 was 2.7 % for three sectors that were covered in the survey, 3.5 % in public sector and 2.4 % in private sector (Table 1).
Minimum wage in the first period of 2003
Monthly gross minimum wage was 306 million TL for the periods between 01.01.2003 and 30.06.2003 for persons 16 years and over. For persons below 16 years of age this figure was fixed as 256 million 500 thousand TL for the periods between 01.01.2003 and 30.06.2003.
EXPLANATION ON WAGE AND EARNING SURVEYS DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTSTABLES
