When the results of the first period (January 1 - June 30) of 2002 Employment and Earning Survey is examined, the followings were observed.
Hourly wage for actual hours of work
When hourly wage for actual hours of work was compared by establishment size, it was observed that, as establishment size increased, generally hourly wage for actual hours of work also increased in the first period of 2002. The highest hourly wage for actual hours of work was found in electricity, gas and water sector in all establishment sizes (Graphic 1).
Economic activity
When the per capita average monthly gross earnings were compared by economic activity of establishments that covered by survey, the highest average monthly gross earning was observed in electricity, gas and water sector in the first period of 2002. The per capita average monthly gross earning in electricity, gas and water sector was estimated as 1 billion 215 million 881 thousand TL. Electricity, gas and water sector was followed by mining and quarrying sector. The per capita average monthly gross earning in mining and quarrying sector was estimated as 1 billion 136 million 463 thousand TL.
Gross wage, as a percentage of gross earning was 85.4 % in manufacturing sector, was 84.7 % in electricity, gas and water sector and was 77.5 % in mining and quarrying sector in the first period of 2002(Table 1).
When average monthly gross earnings were examined by two digit economic activity codes, the highest average monthly gross earning in the mining and quarrying sector was found in the 'Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas, mining of metal ores' economic activity code with 1 billion 549 million 301 thousand TL in the first period of 2002. In the manufacturing sector, the highest average monthly gross earning was found in 'Manufacture of coke, refine petroleum products, chemicals products and rubber and plastics products' economic activity code with 1 billion 203 million 306 thousand TL. The highest average monthly gross earning in electricity, gas and water sector was found in 'Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply' economic activity with 1 billion 457 million 82 thousand TL (Table 4).
In the establishments following collective bargaining agreement, in mining and quarrying sector, the highest average monthly gross earning was found in 'Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas, mining of metal ores' economic activity with 1 billion 875 million 146 thousand TL in the first period of 2002. In the establishments following collective bargaining agreement, the highest average monthly gross earning in manufacturing sector was found in the 'Manufacture of coke, refine petroleum products, chemicals products and rubber and plastic products' economic activity with 1 billion 823 million 846 thousand TL. Finally, the highest average monthly gross earning in electricity, gas and water sector was found in 'Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply' economic activity in the first period of 2002, with 1 billion 459 million 456 thousand TL (Table 5).
In the establishments not following collective bargaining agreement, the highest average monthly gross earning in mining and quarrying sector was found in 'Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas and mining of metal ores' economic activity with 386 million 694 thousand TL. The highest average monthly gross earning in manufacturing sector was found in 'Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and other transport equipment' economic activity with 860 million 244 thousand TL (Table 6).
Public versus private sector status of the establishment
When average monthly gross earnings were examined by public versus private sector status of the establishment, the highest earning in public sector was observed in mining and quarrying sector in the first period of 2002 with 1 billion 454 million 115 thousand TL (Table 1). In private sector, the highest average monthly gross earning was found in electricity, gas and water sector with 1 billion 316 million 921 thousand TL. Since it can be followed in Graphic 2, excluding electricity, gas and water sector, the average monthly gross earnings of public sector employees were higher than those of private sector employees.
Establishment size
When average monthly gross wages and earnings were compared by establishment size, it was seen that, as establishment size increased, per capita average monthly gross wage and earning also increased generally in the first period of 2002. In this period, in small establishments which had 1-9 employees, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 374 million 71 thousand TL and average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 347 million 840 thousand TL. In the first period of 2002, in large establishments which had 500 and more employees, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 1 billion 75 million 316 thousand TL and average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 875 million 461 thousand TL (Table 3).
Graphic 3. Average monthly gross earnings by economic activity and establishment size, 2002 (I)
When average monthly gross earnings were compared by establishment size and economic activities, it was observed that, average monthly gross earning was higher in electricity, gas and water sector then manufacturing and mining and quarrying sectors in all establishment size classes except the establishments with 500 and more employees. In establishments with 500 and more employees the highest average monthly gross earning was found in mining and quarrying sector (Graphic 3).
Collective bargaining status of establishment
When average monthly gross wages and earnings were examined by the collective bargaining status of the establishment, average monthly gross wages and earnings of the both public and private sector employees who worked in the establishments where collective bargaining agreement was applied were found higher than those worked in the establishments which were not in the coverage of collective bargaining agreement (Table 2).
In establishments following collective bargaining agreement, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 1 billion 179 million 50 thousand TL and per capita average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 960 million 298 thousand TL in the first period of 2002. In establishments not following the collective bargaining agreement, per capita average monthly gross earning was estimated to be 476 million 14 thousand TL and per capita average monthly gross wage was estimated to be 434 million 617 thousand TL in the first period of 2002. When this situation is examined by public versus private sector status of the establishments, average monthly gross wages and earnings in establishments following collective bargaining agreements were found higher than establishments not following collective bargaining agreement for both public and private sector. Therefore, it was seen that, collective bargaining agreement had a high level of influence on wages and earnings.
Geographical region and selected provinces
When average monthly gross earnings were examined by seven geographical regions (excluding selected provinces) and selected four provinces that the establishments located, the highest per capita average monthly gross earning was found in East Anatolian Region (971 million 511 thousand TL) in the first period of 2002. Black Sea Region (946 million 496 thousand TL) and Mediterranean Region (Excluding Adana) (899 million 271 thousand TL) have followed (Table 7).
In the first period of 2002 in public sector, average monthly gross earnings were found higher in Province İzmir, Mediterranean Region (Excluding Adana) and Aegean Region (Excluding İzmir) than other regions and provinces. In the first period of 2002 in private sector, average monthly gross earnings were found higher in Province Adana, Province Ankara and Marmara Region (excluding İstanbul) than other regions and provinces (Table 7).
Payments of bonuses and premiums
When the share of the bonuses and premiums within the average monthly gross earning was examined, the highest figure was found in mining and quarrying sector in the first period of 2002. In this sector, share of the bonuses and premiums within the average monthly gross earning was 17.7 % in the first period of 2002 (Table 1).
When this ratio was examined by public versus private sector status of the establishment, the share of the bonuses and premiums within the average monthly gross earning was 14.9 % in public sector and 11.1 % in private sector (Table 1).
Irregular social allowances
Share of the irregular social allowances within the average monthly gross earnings in the first period of 2002 was 2.9 % for three sectors that were covered in the survey, 3.8 % in public sector and 2.5 % in private sector (Table 1).
Minimum wage
Monthly gross minimum wage was 222 million 750 thousand TL for the periods between 01.01.2002 and 30.06.2002 for persons 16 years and over. For persons below 16 years of age this figure was fixed as 188 million 700 thousand 750 TL for the periods between 01.01.2002 and 30.06.2002.
EXPLANATION ON WAGE AND EARNING SURVEYS DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTSTABLES
